KA'IDOJIN RUBUTUN HAUSA A SAUKAKE -Na Nasiru G. Ahmad 'Yan'awaki

ABUBUWAN DA SUKE CIKI

 

Gabatarwar Mawallafi                      1

Qa’idojin Rubutun Hausa                        4

Baqaqe da Wasulan Hausa              4

Qa’idojin Raba Kalmomi                 11

Hukunce-hukuncen “Wa”                        18   

Wasu Kalmomi Masu Rikitarwa      19

Hukunce-hukuncen Wasalin “a”      23

Gutsirarren Aikatau Xaurarre          24

Kalmomin Sharaxi                           25

Qarfafawa                                                26

Hausar Shiyya                                 26

Alamomin Rubutu                           28

QA’IDOJIN RUBUTUN HAUSA

 

Ma’anar Qa’idojin Rubutu

          Qa’idojin rubutu, wasu dokoki ne da aka yi ittifaqin yin amfani da su wajen rubuta daidaitacciyar Hausa. Ita kuwa daidaitacciyar Hausa, xaya daga cikin kare-karen harshen Hausa ce da aka zava, aka daidaita mata qa’idojin nahawu, don yin amfani da ita cikin rubuce-rubuce da harkokin yaxa labarai a dukkan qasashen Hausa da sauran duniya baki xaya.

 

Baqaqe da Wasulan Hausa

          Jimillar baqaqen da ake amfani da su wajen rubuta daidaitacciyar Hausa, su Talatin da biyu (32) ne. Ashirin da huxu (24) daga cikinsu sauqaqa ne, Takwas (8) kuma masu goyo. Akwai kuma wasula goma sha biyu (12).

 

Sauqaqan Baqaqe

Manya:

B, V, C, D, X, F, G, H, J, K, Q, L, M, N, R (ta cikin biyar), R (ta cikin ruwa), S, SH, T, TS, W, Y, Z, ‘(alhamza).

 

 

Qanana:

b, v, c, d, x, f, g, h, j, k, q, l, m, n, r (ta cikin biyar), r (ta cikin ruwa), s, sh, t, ts, w, y, z, ‘ (alhamza).

 

Masu Goyo

Manya: FY, GW, GY, KW, KY, QW, QY, ‘Y,

Qanana: fy, gw, gy, kw, ky, qw, qy, ‘y

 

Wasula

Gajeru      Manya:       A, I, O, U, E,

Qanana:      a, i, o, u, e

 

Dogaye     Manya:       AA,II, OO, UU, EE,

Qanana:      aa, ii, oo, uu, ee

 

Masu aure:                 auren /a/ da /i/ = /ai/

auren /a/ da /u/ = /au/

 

Akwai kuma auren /u/ da /i/ kamar a kalmar a:

          Ya yi targaxe a guiwa.

          Ya kiwata xan kuikuyo.

          mui gaba (mu yi gaba)

 

          Kamar yadda muka sani, an samo wannan salon rubutu ne daga rubutun Rumawa wanda Turawa suka kawo mana. To daga cikin ainihin baqaqen abacadan Turanci akwai wasu baqaqe huxu da ba a amfani da su a Hausa, saboda ba mu da irin sautukansu. Baqaqen su ne: /p/, /q/, /v/ da /x/. Furucin kowannensu na da takwara a bakin Bahaushe da yake amfani da shi a madadinsa. Maimakon /p/ ana amfani da /f/ ne. /q/ a madadin /q/, /b/ a madadin /v/, sai /s/ a madadin /x/.

          Duk da haka, akan rubuta /p/ a wasu sunayen yanka da ba ainihin na Hausa ba ne, kamar Pakistan, Potiskum, Pankshin, da makamantansu.

          Babu sautin /ch/ a Hausa, sai dai /c/. Shi ma akan bar wasu sunaye, musamman na garuruwa waxanda Turawa suka rubuta imla’insu a hakan da /ch/. Kamar Bauchi, Bichi, Chiranchi, dm.

          Ba a nuna dogon wasali ta hanyar ruvanya shi a rubutun Hausa na yau da kullum, kamar a ce /zoomoo/, sai dai /zomo/. Don haka kuskure ne rubuta wasu sunaye irin su Sameera, Haleema, Ameen, dm. haka ma qara baqin /h/ da wasu kan yi a wasu sunaye, musamman na mata kamar Aminah, Samirah, dm. Hasali ma ba imla’in rubutun Hausa ba ne, na Turanci ne.

          Yayin ruvanya baqaqe masu goyo, ana ruvanya baqin farko ne kaxai, ba duka biyun ba. Misali:

Gwaggwaro     ba      gwagwgwaro       ba

Kyakkyawa     ba      kyakykyawa         ba

Fyaffyaxe       ba      fyafyfyaxe           ba

 

Haka ma

Shasshaka       ba      shashshaka                     ba

Matsattsaku    ba      matsatstsaku        ba

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